What it is: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection that occurs when the proper balance of the vagina is disturbed. The result is an overgrowth of abnormal bacteria that can cause pain, odor, discharge, burning and itching.

How you get it: It is not very clear how a woman gets BV, however women are at an increased risk with multiple sex partners, douching and using an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception. While doctors do not know how much sexual activity plays in the occurrence of BV, it is known that women who have never had sexual intercourse are very rarely affected with this infection.

Symptoms: While some women may not have any signs or symptoms, many women usually experience an odor-y discharge. The vagina may also be itchy and may burn when the woman pees. To get an official diagnosis, the vagina must be examined by a health professional and perform a simple test using liquid samples from inside the vagina.

Prevention: Currently, doctors do not have a clear answer on how to prevent BV. Generally though, they recommend that women limit the number of sexual partners they have, or remain abstinent.

Treatment: Antibiotics can cure BV; however, the infection can disappear on its own. It can also reoccur at any time, even after treatment.

Long-term Implications: BV can develop into pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or be spread to female sex partners. It can increase the odds that a female will become infected with HIV if she comes into contact with the virus. BV may also increase the chances of contracting other STDs, like chlamydia and gonorrhea. But in most cases, BV does not cause any complications once treated.