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Quakerism (Religious Society of Friends)
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Important Texts: The Bible and the Book of Discipline or Faith and Practice, which is published by Yearly Meetings. (Neither is regarded as sources of strict instructions.)
Number of Believers: 300,000
Gods? Goddesses?: God
Afterlife?: Beliefs vary among individuals, but very few believe in Hell
Important Holidays/ Rituals: No rituals, because everything is within.
Founded: 1652 C.E.

Beliefs:
Quakerism is a very diverse branch of Christianity, due to the personal nature of its belief system. There are beliefs that every Quaker holds in common, but the focus of the religion is on the importance of every individual's direct relationship with God.

The Bible is important, but many people also incorporate scientific or philosophical beliefs into their belief system. Inner revelation is the most important source of a Quaker's beliefs. Thus, there are no specific documents to follow, although individual groups may develop their own statements of faith.

History:
Quakerism was originally founded in England by a group dissatisfied with established branches of Christianity. They were looking for a type of Christianity with more emphasis on equality and a direct relationship with God.

Today:
Most Quaker meetings are held in silence, with members seated in a circle or in a square. If someone feels moved by the Holy Spirit to speak, he or she simply does so. Quakers also emphasize the importance of being moral, humble, honest and simple.

The idea of God being within every person is often expressed as an "Inner Light," and since every person has this Inner Light, everyone has their own inherent worth, and every activity (secular and religious alike) is considered spiritual.

Quakers are known for their opposition to sexism, racism, religious intolerance, warfare and the death penalty. They have also historically been influential in battles for the rights of oppressed groups. Not physical battles, of course--Quakers are strongly pacifist. In fact, the Quakers were among the groups who made it possible for people to be conscientious objectors to wars.

For more information, check out these sites:

  • Quaker.org
  • ReligiousTolerance.org on Quakerism
  • Wikipedia.org on Quakerism
  • ReligiousMovements.lib on Quakerism

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