A study done by Rutgers University found that Gauntlet, an international chain of body piercing shops, reported 30,000 or more piercings per year. According to the study, 63% of college-aged students (18-22) obtain some sort of body piercing. However, this is one of very few statistical research reports on piercings; they are hard to administer because piercings aren't permanent and people often take theirs out, without a scar or mark left behind.
There are several different names for various piercings and they usually don't relate to the body part that is being pierced. Here are some of the more popular terms:
conch: a piercing through the main shell of the ear.
tragus: a piercing that goes through the small tab of tissue that is connected to the side of the face and slightly covers part of the ear canal.
daith: a piercing through the inner ear cartilage.
helix: a piercing through the outer ear cartilage ridge.
rook: a piercing through the cartilage fold above the conch.
labret: a piercing centered below the lip and above the chin.
madonna/monroe: an off center top lip piercing.
fourchette: a piecing through the rear of vaginal opening.
hood: a piercing through the clitoral hood.